PRSHE Curriculum

Families 

• Why marriage is an important relationship choice for many couples and why it must be freely entered into
• The characteristics and legal status of other types of long-term relationships
• The characteristics of successful parenting
• How to seek help or advice, including reporting concerns about others, if needed
• Different types so families and links with protected characteristics

Respectful relationships, including friendships

• The characteristics of positive and healthy friendships.
• How stereotypes, in particular stereotypes based on sex, gender, race, religion, sexual orientation or disability, can cause damage (e.g. how they might normalise non-consensual behaviour or encourage prejudice)
• Manage the ending of relationships safely, including online
• Boundaries in the workplace, including workplace relationships
• That in school and wider society they can expect to be treated with respect by others, and that in turn, they should show due respect to others, including people in positions of authority and due tolerance of other people’s beliefs
• The impact of bullying, the responsibilities of bystanders to report bullying and how and where to get help
• That some types of behaviour within relationships are criminal, including violent behaviour and coercive control, negative influence, manipulation and persuasion
• How to recognise, de-escalate and exit aggressive social situations
• Sexual harassment, sexual violence, stalking and why these are always unacceptable 

Online and media  

• Their rights, responsibilities and opportunities online, including that the same expectations of behaviour apply in all contexts, including online
• About online risks, including that any material someone provides to another has the potential to be shared online and the difficulty of removing potentially compromising material placed online
• The impact of viewing and sharing harmful or sexually explicit content

Being safe  

• The concepts of, and laws relating to, sexual consent, sexual exploitation, abuse, grooming, coercion, harassment, rape, domestic abuse, forced marriage, honour-based violence and FGM, and how these can affect current and future relationships
• How people can actively communicate and recognise consent from others, including sexual consent, and how and when consent can be withdrawn (in all contexts, including online)
• Managing risk and personal safety including taxis, young driver safety, cycle safety
• To travel safely around the UK and abroad; understand legal rights and responsibilities when travelling abroad, including passport, visa and insurance requirements
• Risk of being in gangs, serious organised crimes or carrying a weapon

Intimate and sexual relationships, including sexual health  

• the characteristics and positive aspects of healthy one-to-one intimate relationships.
• that all aspects of health can be affected by choices they make in sex and relationships, positively or negatively, e.g. physical, emotional, mental, sexual and reproductive health and wellbeing
• the facts about reproductive health, including fertility, and the potential impact of lifestyle on fertility for men and women and menopause
• to understand the moral and legal responsibilities that someone seeking consent has, and the importance of respecting and protecting people’s right to give, not give, or withdraw their consent
• to understand the emotional, physical, social and legal consequences of failing to respect others’ right not to give or to withdraw consent
• how to recognise, and seek help in the case of, sexual abuse, exploitation, assault or rape, and the process for reporting to appropriate authorities
• the facts about the full range of contraceptive choices, efficacy and options available. 
• that there are choices regarding pregnancy
• how the different sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDs, are transmitted, how risk can be reduced through safer sex (including through condom use) and the importance of and facts about testing
• about the prevalence of some STIs, the impact they can have on those who contract them and key facts about treatment
• how the use of alcohol and drugs can lead to risky sexual behaviour
• how to get further advice, including how and where to access confidential sexual and reproductive health advice and treatment.

Mental wellbeing  

How to talk about their emotions accurately and sensitively, using appropriate vocabulary

How to recognise the early signs of mental wellbeing concerns

Common types of mental ill-health (e.g. anxiety and depression), support

The benefits and importance of physical exercise, time outdoors, community participation and voluntary and service-based activities on mental wellbeing

Internet safety and harms  

The similarities and differences between the online world and the physical world, including, the impact of unhealthy or obsessive comparison with others online, how people may curate a specific image of their life online, over-reliance on online relationships including social media, and the risks related to online gambling including the accumulation of debt

How to identify harmful behaviours online (including bullying, abuse or harassment) and how to report, or find support, if they have been affected by those behaviours

Physical health and fitness  

The positive associations between physical activity and promotion of mental wellbeing, including as an approach to combat stress

The characteristics and evidence of what constitutes a healthy lifestyle, maintaining a healthy weight, including the links between an inactive lifestyle and ill health, including cancer and cardio-vascular ill-health

About the science relating to blood, organ and stem cell donation

Body image, alteration and enhancement (along with long-term consequences)

Healthy eating  

How to maintain healthy eating and the links between a poor diet and health risks, including tooth decay and cancer

Drugs, alcohol and tobacco  

The facts about legal and illegal drugs and their associated risks, including the link between drug use and serious mental health conditions

The law relating to the supply and possession of illegal substances

The physical and psychological risks associated with alcohol consumption and what constitutes low risk alcohol consumption in adulthood

The physical and psychological consequences of addiction, including alcohol dependency

The facts about legal and illegal harmful substances and associated risks, including smoking, alcohol use and drug-taking

Risks of being with an intoxicated driver and how to manage it

Health and prevention  

About personal hygiene, germs including bacteria, and viruses, how they are spread, treatment and prevention of infection, and  antibiotics

About dental health and the benefits of good oral hygiene/dental flossing, including healthy eating on a budget, regular check-ups at the dentist

The benefits of regular self-examination and screening (testicular and breast, cervical screening)

The facts and science relating to immunisation and vaccination, ‘freshers flu’ and meningitis

Work-life balance, the importance of sufficient good quality sleep for good health and how a lack of sleep can affect weight, mood and ability to learn

Registering with and accessing health services based on location

Basic first aid  

Basic treatment for common injuries

Life-saving skills, including how to administer CPR.15 

The purpose of defibrillators and when one might be needed

Choices and pathways

To set realistic yet ambitious career and life goals which are matched to personal values, interests, strengths and skills

To evaluate the ‘next step’ options available, such as higher education, further training or apprenticeships, and gap year opportunities

The implications of the global market for their future choices in education and employment

Work and career

How to identify and evidence their strengths and skills when applying and interviewing for future roles and opportunities 

How to produce a concise and compelling curriculum vitae and prepare effectively for interviews

How to recognise career possibilities in a global economy

Employment rights

and responsibilities

Their rights and responsibilities as students in casual, part-time jobs

The importance of professional conduct and how it can be demonstrated in different workplaces including following health and safety protocols

To understand and appreciate the importance of workplace confidentiality and security including cyber-security and data protection

To recognise bullying and harassment in the workplace in all its forms and ways to seek or provide support to resolve the situation

The role of trade unions and professional organisations; when and how to constructively challenge workplace behaviours

Financial choices

How to plan expenditure and budget for changes in circumstances (e.g. when moving out or going to university) 

To understand and manage salary deductions including taxation, national insurance and pensions 

To evaluate savings options

To exercise consumer rights, including resolving disputes and accessing appropriate support 

To manage financial contracts including, mobile phone services and renting items and accommodation; how to identify appropriate advice

To evaluate the potential gains and risks of different debt arrangements and repayment implications

To evaluate the risks in different financial ventures including illegal schemes e.g.

Illegal money transfers

Media literacy and resilience

To set and maintain clear boundaries around personal privacy and to manage online safety in all its forms, including seeking help when appropriate

To effectively challenge online content that adversely affects their personal or professional reputation

To build and maintain a positive professional online presence, using a range of technologies 

How social media can expand, limit or distort perspectives and recognise how content they create and share may contribute to, or challenge this

To be a critical consumer of online information in all its forms, including recognising bias, propaganda and manipulation 

When and how to report or access help for themselves or others in relation to extremism and radicalisation